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Removal of Rhodamine B from aqueous solutions and wastewater by walnut shells: kinetics, equilibrium

Jasmin Shah, M. Rasul Jan, Attaul Haq, Younas Khan

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第4期   页码 428-436 doi: 10.1007/s11705-013-1358-x

摘要： An adsorption study of Rhodamine B (RB) dye from aqueous solutions was carried out using walnut shells pretreated by different methods. In addition to the effects of the pretreatment, the effects of various parameters like pH, adsorbent dose, contact time, initial dye concentration and temperature on the adsorption of RB was studied. The adsorption process was highly pH dependent and a maximum adsorption was achieved at pH 3.0. The best fit for the rates of dye adsorption was a pseudo-second-order kinetic model with good correlation coefficients ( >0.99). Langmuir isotherms were used to determine that the maximum loading capacity of the different walnut shells and the RB capacities ranged from 1.451–2.292 mg·g . The dye adsorption was also evaluated thermodynamically. Positive standard enthalpy (? °) values were obtained indicating that the RB adsorption process is endothermic as well as ? ° and ? ° values showed that adsorption process is spontaneous with an increased randomness at the solid-liquid interface. Desorption studies were carried out to explore the feasibility of regenerating the used walnut shells and it was found that 97.71%–99.17% of the retained RB was recovered with 0.1 mol?L NaOH solution. The walnut shells were also successfully used to remove RB from industrial effluents.

关键词： Rhodamine B     walnut shell adsorption     kinetics     isotherms     regeneration    

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Catalytic fast pyrolysis of walnut shell for alkylphenols production with nitrogen-doped activated carbon

Shanwei Ma, Hang Li, Guan Zhang, Tahir Iqbal, Kai Li, Qiang Lu

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1317-y

摘要： Abstract • N-doped activated carbon was prepared for catalytic pyrolysis of walnut shell. • Alkylphenols were selectively produced from catalytic pyrolysis process. • The alkylphenols yield increased by 8.5 times under the optimal conditions. • Formation mechanism of alkylphenols was proposed. Alkylphenols are a group of valuable phenolic compounds that can be derived from lignocellulosic biomass. In this study, three activated carbons (ACs) were prepared for catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) of walnut shell to produce alkylphenols, including nitrogen-doped walnut shell-derived activated carbon (N/WSAC), nitrogen-doped rice husk-derived activated carbon (N/RHAC) and walnut shell-derived activated carbon (WSAC). Pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) experiments were carried out to reveal the influences of AC type, pyrolytic temperature, and AC-to-walnut shell (AC-to-WS) ratio on the product distributions. Results showed that with nitrogen doping, the N/WSAC possessed stronger capability than WSAC toward the alkylphenols production, and moreover, the N/WSAC also exhibited better effects than N/RHAC to prepare alkylphenols. Under the catalysis of N/WSAC, yields of alkylphenols were significantly increased, especially phenol, cresol and 4-ethylphenol. As the increase of pyrolytic temperature, the alkylphenols yield first increased and then decreased, while high selectivity could be obtained at low pyrolytic temperatures. Such a trend was also observed as the AC-to-WS ratio continuously increased. The alkylphenols production achieved a maximal yield of 44.19 mg/g with the corresponding selectivity of 34.7% at the pyrolytic temperature of 400°C and AC-to-WS ratio of 3, compared with those of only 4.67 mg/g and 6.1% without catalyst. In addition, the possible formation mechanism of alkylphenols was also proposed with the catalysis of N/WSAC.

关键词： Pyrolysis     Walnut shell     Alkylphenols     Nitrogen-doped activated carbon    

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Fabrication of coconut shell-derived porous carbons for CO adsorption application

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第8期   页码 1122-1130 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2292-6

摘要： Biomass-derived porous carbons have been considered as the most potential candidate for effective CO2 adsorbent thanks to being widely-available precursor and having highly porous structure and stable chemical/physical features. However, the biomass-derived porous carbons still suffer from the poor optimization process in terms of the synthesis conditions. Herein, we have successfully fabricated coconut shell-derived porous carbon by a simple one-step synthesis process. The as-prepared carbon exhibits advanced textual activity together with well-designed micropore morphology and possesses oxygen-containing functional groups (reached 18.81 wt %) within the carbon matrix. Depending on the different activating temperatures (from 700 to 800 °C) and KOH/biomass mass ratios (from 0.3 to 1), the 750 °C and 0.5 mass ratio were found to be enabling the highest CO2 capture performance. The optimal adsorbent was achieved a high CO2 uptake capacity of 5.92 and 4.15 mmol·g−1 at 0 and 25 °C (1 bar), respectively. More importantly, as-prepared carbon adsorbent exhibited moderate isosteric heat of adsorption and high CO2/N2 selectivity. The results were revealed not only the textural feature but also the surface functional groups critically determine the CO2 capture performance, indicating coconut shell-derived porous carbon has a considerable potential as a solid-state adsorbent for the CO2 capture.

关键词： porous carbons     CO2 adsorption     KOH activation     single step reaction     biomass    

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Effect of textural property of coconut shell-based activated carbon on desorption activation energy of

YU Moxin, LI Zhong, XI Hongxia, XIA Qibin, WANG Shuwen

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第3期   页码 269-275 doi: 10.1007/s11705-008-0056-6

摘要： In this work, the effect of the textural property of activated carbons on desorption activation energy and adsorption capacity for benzothiophene (BT) was investigated. BET surface areas and the textural parameters of three kinds of the activated carbons, namely SY-6, SY-13 and SY-19, were measured with an ASAP 2010 instrument. The desorption activation energies of BT on the activated carbons were determined by temperature-programmed desorption (TPD). Static adsorption experiments were carried out to determine the isotherms of BT on the activated carbons. The influence of the textural property of the activated carbons on desorption activation energy and the adsorption capacity for BT was discussed. Results showed that the BET surface areas of the activated carbons, SY-6, SY-13 and SY-19 were 1106, 1070 and 689 mg, respectively, and their average pore diameters were 1.96, 2.58 and 2.16 nm, respectively. The TPD results indicated that the desorption activation energy of BT on the activated carbons, SY-6, SY-19 and SY-13 were 58.84, 53.02 and 42.57 KJ/mol, respectively. The isotherms showed that the amount of BT adsorbed on the activated carbons followed the order of SY-6 > SY-19 > SY-13. The smaller the average pore diameter of the activated carbon, the stronger its adsorption for BT and the higher the activation energy required for BT desorption on its surface. The Freundlich adsorption isotherm model can be properly used to formulate the adsorption behavior of BT on the activated carbons.

关键词： diameter     adsorption isotherm     ASAP     SY-19 >     activated    

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Experimental determination of Cd

Farhah Amalya ISMAIL, Ahmad Zaharin ARIS

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第3期   页码 356-364 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0488-1

摘要： Carbonate shells have an astonishing ability in the removal of Cd in a short time period with emphasis on being a low cost adsorbent. In the present study, the sorption capacity of carbonate shells was studied for Cd in batch experiments. The influence of different carbonate shell sizes and physico-chemical factors were evaluated and the results were analyzed for its correlation matrices by using Predictive Analytics Software (PASW). The mineralogy state of aqueous solution regarding the saturation index was simulated using PHREEQC to identify the Cd uptake mechanism. The Cd uptake rates were calculated as well as Ca , concentration, pH, ambient humidity and temperature were measured. Cd removal of 91.52% was achieved after 5 h adsorption. The adsorption efficiencies were significantly influenced by pH as they increased with the increase of pH from acidic solution (5.50±0.02) to slightly alkaline (7.60±0.05). In addition, the mineralogy state of aqueous solution calculated from PHREEQC confirmed that the increment of Ca and concentrations in solution was attributed to the dissolution of carbonate shells. Moreover, the ion exchange adsorption mechanism of Cd toward Ca was identified as the process involved in Cd uptake.

关键词： carbonate shell     cadmium     heavy metal     adsorption mechanism     saturation state    

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Biodegradable, superhydrophobic walnut wood membrane for the separation of oil/water mixtures

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第9期   页码 1377-1386 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2157-z

摘要： The preparation of environmentally friendly oil/water separation materials remains a great challenge. Freeze-drying of wood after lignin removal yields wood aerogels, which can be used as substrates to prepare fluorine-free environmentally friendly superhydrophobic materials, However, they are more suitable for absorption rather than filtration applications due to their poor strength. A study using cross-sections of pristine wood chips as substrates retains the original strength of wood, but the use of the cross-sectional of wood pieces limits their thickness, strength, and size. In this paper, a degradable fluorine-free superhydrophobic film (max. water contact angle of approximately 164.2°) with self-cleaning and abrasion resistance characteristics was prepared by a one-step method using pristine and activated walnut longitudinal section films as the substrate, with tetraethyl orthosilicate as a precursor and dodecyltriethoxysilane as a modifier. The tensile strength results show that superhydrophobic films with pristine or activated wood substrates maintained the strength of pristine wood and were 2.2 times stronger than the wood aerogel substrate. In addition, after cross-laminating the two samples, the films had the ability to separate oil and water by continuous filtration with high efficiency (98.5%) and flux (approximately 1.3 × 103 L∙m‒2∙h‒1). The method has potential for the large-scale fabrication of degradable superhydrophobic filtration separation membranes.

关键词： wood nanotechnology     superhydrophobic     biodegradable     surface modification     oil/water separation    

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Isogeometric cohesive zone model for thin shell delamination analysis based on Kirchhoff-Love shell model

Tran Quoc THAI, Timon RABCZUK, Xiaoying ZHUANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第2期   页码 267-279 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0567-x

摘要： We present a cohesive zone model for delamination in thin shells and composite structures. The isogeometric (IGA) thin shell model is based on Kirchhoff-Love theory. Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines (NURBS) are used to discretize the exact mid-surface of the shell geometry exploiting their C -continuity property which avoids rotational degrees of freedom. The fracture process zone is modeled by interface elements with a cohesive law. Two numerical examples are presented to test and validate the proposed formulation in predicting the delamination behavior of composite structures.

关键词： cohesive zone model     IGA     Kirchhoff-Love model     thin shell analysis     delamination    

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Property-performance relationship of core-shell structured black TiO photocatalyst for environmental

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第9期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1711-3

摘要：

● Properties and performance relationship of CSBT photocatalyst were investigated.

关键词： Black TiO2     Core-shell structure     Property-performance relationship     Agro-industrial effluent     Environmental remediation    

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Development of dimensionless P-I diagram for curved SCS sandwich shell subjected to uniformly distributed

Yonghui WANG, Ximei ZHAI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第6期   页码 1432-1445 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0566-y

摘要： The curved steel-concrete-steel (SCS) sandwich shell was recently proposed to resist blast loading and it showed better blast resistant performance as compared to flat SCS sandwich shell via developing compressive force along the shell. In this paper, a dimensionless Pressure-Impulse (P-I) diagram was constructed as a convenient tool to predict the damage level of curved SCS sandwich shell subjected to uniformly distributed blast loading. The curved SCS sandwich shell was equivalent to a single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) system and the equation of motion was established by employing the Lagrange’s equation. To construct the dimensionless P-I diagram, the energy balance method was utilized to yield the pressure and impulse asymptotes and the responses in the dynamic response regime were obtained via employing the SDOF method. Then, the finite element method was employed to validate the developed dimensionless P-I diagram. Finally, the procedures of using the constructed dimensionless P-I diagram to quickly conduct the blast resistant design of curved SCS sandwich shell were presented.

关键词： blast loading     curved steel-concrete-steel sandwich shell     Pressure-Impulse diagram     single-degree-of-freedom method     finite element analysis    

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Pyrolysis transformation of ZIF-8 wrapped with polytriazine to nitrogen enriched core-shell polyhedrons

Nuoya Wang, Xinhua Huang, Lei Zhang, Jinsong Hu, Yimin Chao, Ruikun Zhao

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第4期   页码 944-953 doi: 10.1007/s11705-020-2005-y

摘要： This work presents a simple effective strategy to synthesize -doped and shell-controlled carbon nanocages through a package baking approach. A green approach to synthesize core-shell ZIF-8@PTZ nanoparticles involves zinc contained ZIF-8 core wrapped by a N-enriched polytriazine (PTZ). Synthesized core-shell ZIF-8@PTZ nanoparticles are calcinated to further sublime zinc through PTZ shell and washed by HCl, leaving a porous carbon structure. At the meantime, hollow cavities were introduced into N-doped carbon polyhedrons via the sacrifice of ZIF-8 template (noted as ZIF-8@C/N-x). The electrochemical performance of the ZIF-8@C/N-x as supercapacitor electrode has demonstrated high energy density and specific capacitance, as well as a long-term cycleability showing 92% capacitance retention after 10000 cycles. There is a systematic correlation between micro-/meso-porosity of ZIF-8@C/N-x and their electrochemical performances.

关键词： core-shell     EDLC electrode     microporos nano polygons     nitrogen doped carbon    

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CC@BCN@PANI core-shell nanoarrays as ultra-high cycle stability cathode for Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors

《能源前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第4期   页码 555-566 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0882-8

摘要： Exploring cathode materials that combine excellent cycling stability and high energy density poses a challenge to aqueous Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors (ZHSCs). Herein, polyaniline (PANI) coated boron-carbon-nitrogen (BCN) nanoarray on carbon cloth surface is prepared as advanced cathode materials via simple high-temperature calcination and electrochemical deposition methods. Because of the excellent specific capacity and conductivity of PANI, the CC@BCN@PANI core-shell nanoarrays cathode shows an excellent ion storage capability. Moreover, the 3D nanoarray structure can provide enough space for the volume expansion and contraction of PANI in the charging/discharging cycles, which effectively avoids the collapse of the microstructure and greatly improves the electrochemical stability of PANI. Therefore, the CC@BCN@PANI-based ZHSCs exhibit superior electrochemical performances showing a specific capacity of 145.8 mAh/g, a high energy density of 116.78 Wh/kg, an excellent power density of 12 kW/kg, and a capacity retention rate of 86.2% after 8000 charge/discharge cycles at a current density of 2 A/g. In addition, the flexible ZHSCs (FZHSCs) also show a capacity retention rate of 87.7% at the current density of 2 A/g after 450 cycles.

关键词： CC@BCN@PANI cathode     Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitor     core-shell nanoarrays     high energy density     ultra-high cycle stability    

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Recent advances in gold-metal oxide core-shell nanoparticles: Synthesis, characterization, and their

Michelle Lukosi,Huiyuan Zhu,Sheng Dai

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第1期   页码 39-56 doi: 10.1007/s11705-015-1551-1

摘要： Heterogeneous catalysis with core-shell structures has been a large area of focus for many years. This paper reviews the most recent work and research in core-shell catalysts utilizing noble metals, specifically gold, as the core within a metal oxide shell. The advantage of the core-shell structure lies in its capacity to retain catalytic activity under thermal and mechanical stress, which is a pivotal consideration when synthesizing any catalyst. This framework is particularly useful for gold nanoparticles in protecting them from sintering so that they retain their size, structure, and most importantly their catalytic efficiency. The different methods of synthesizing such a structure have been compiled into three categories: seed-mediated growth, post selective oxidation treatment, and one-pot chemical synthesis. The selective oxidation of carbon monoxide and reduction of nitrogen containing compounds, such as nitrophenol and nitrostyrene, have been studied over the past few years to evaluate the functionality and stability of the core-shell catalysts. Different factors that could influence the catalyst’s performance are the size, structure, choice of metal oxide shell and noble metal core and thereby the interfacial synergy and lattice mismatch between the core and shell. In addition, the morphology of the shell also plays a critical role, including its porosity, density, and thickness. This review covers the synthesis and characterization of gold-metal oxide core-shell structures, as well as how they are utilized as catalysts for carbon monoxide (CO) oxidation and selective reduction of nitrogen-containing compounds.

关键词： core-shell     characterization     core-shell structure     Different     stability    

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Characteristics of flow and heat transfer of shell-and-tube heat exchangers with overlapped helical baffles

Tingting DU, Wenjing DU

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2019年 第6卷 第1期   页码 70-77 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0005-8

摘要：

The characteristics of flow and heat transfer of shell-and-tube heat exchangers with overlapped helical baffles (STHXsHB) were illustrated through a theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. The ideal helical flow model was constructed to demonstrate parts of the flow characteristics of the STHXsHB, providing theoretical evidence of short-circuit and back flows in a triangular zone. The numerical simulation was adopted to describe the characteristics of helical, leakage, and bypass streams. In a fully developed section, the distribution of velocity and wall heat transfer coefficient has a similar trend, which presents the effect of leakage and bypass streams. The short-circuit flow accelerates the axial velocity of the flow through the triangular zone. Moreover, the back flow enhances the local heat transfer and causes the ascent of flow resistance. This study shows the detailed features of helical flow in STHXsHB, which can inspire a reasonable optimization on the shell-side structure.

关键词： heat exchanger     overlapped helical baffle     triangular zone     helical flow    

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CFD simulation on shell-and-tube heat exchangers with small-angle helical baffles

Minhua ZHANG,Fang MENG,Zhongfeng GENG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第2期   页码 183-193 doi: 10.1007/s11705-015-1510-x

摘要： Shell-and-tube heat exchanger with helical baffles is superior to that with segmental baffles in reducing pressure drop, eliminating dead zone and lowering the risks of vibration of tube bundle. This paper focused on the small-angle helical baffles that have been merely reported in open literature. These baffles are noncontinuous helical baffles with a helix angle of 10° to 30°, and their shapes are 1/4 ellipse, 1/4 sector and 1/3 sector. To assess the integrative performance, /? is employed, and the calculated results show that among the three baffle shapes the heat exchangers with a 1/4 sector helical baffle have the lowest pressure drop. At = 10° and 20°, 1/4 sector helical baffle heat exchangers show the best integrative performance; at = 30°, 1/4 ellipse and 1/4 sector helical baffle heat exchangers perform almost the same. For the study of helix angles, we found that 30° has the best integrative performance at low mass flow rate, almost the same as 20° at high mass flow rate.

关键词： heat transfer     pressure drop     helical baffle     CFD    

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Separation/degradation behavior and mechanism for cationic/anionic dyes by Ag-functionalized FeO-PDA core-shell

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第11期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1572-1

摘要：

● PDA-Fe3O4-Ag was made by hydrothermal and oxidation self-polymerization method.

关键词： PDA     Fe3O4     Magnetic adsorbent     Cationic dyes     Anionic dyes    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Removal of Rhodamine B from aqueous solutions and wastewater by walnut shells: kinetics, equilibrium

Jasmin Shah, M. Rasul Jan, Attaul Haq, Younas Khan

期刊论文

Catalytic fast pyrolysis of walnut shell for alkylphenols production with nitrogen-doped activated carbon

Shanwei Ma, Hang Li, Guan Zhang, Tahir Iqbal, Kai Li, Qiang Lu

期刊论文

Fabrication of coconut shell-derived porous carbons for CO adsorption application

期刊论文

Effect of textural property of coconut shell-based activated carbon on desorption activation energy of

YU Moxin, LI Zhong, XI Hongxia, XIA Qibin, WANG Shuwen

期刊论文

Experimental determination of Cd

Farhah Amalya ISMAIL, Ahmad Zaharin ARIS

期刊论文

Biodegradable, superhydrophobic walnut wood membrane for the separation of oil/water mixtures

期刊论文

Isogeometric cohesive zone model for thin shell delamination analysis based on Kirchhoff-Love shell model

Tran Quoc THAI, Timon RABCZUK, Xiaoying ZHUANG

期刊论文

Property-performance relationship of core-shell structured black TiO photocatalyst for environmental

期刊论文

Development of dimensionless P-I diagram for curved SCS sandwich shell subjected to uniformly distributed

Yonghui WANG, Ximei ZHAI

期刊论文

Pyrolysis transformation of ZIF-8 wrapped with polytriazine to nitrogen enriched core-shell polyhedrons

Nuoya Wang, Xinhua Huang, Lei Zhang, Jinsong Hu, Yimin Chao, Ruikun Zhao

期刊论文

CC@BCN@PANI core-shell nanoarrays as ultra-high cycle stability cathode for Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors

期刊论文

Recent advances in gold-metal oxide core-shell nanoparticles: Synthesis, characterization, and their

Michelle Lukosi,Huiyuan Zhu,Sheng Dai

期刊论文

Characteristics of flow and heat transfer of shell-and-tube heat exchangers with overlapped helical baffles

Tingting DU, Wenjing DU

期刊论文

CFD simulation on shell-and-tube heat exchangers with small-angle helical baffles

Minhua ZHANG,Fang MENG,Zhongfeng GENG

期刊论文

Separation/degradation behavior and mechanism for cationic/anionic dyes by Ag-functionalized FeO-PDA core-shell

期刊论文